Transhumanism in “The Witcher” universe

Abstract

In the 21st century, concepts of human modification and improvement increasingly
appear in scientific literature, extending beyond the realm of fantasy. Influenced by successful, advanced technological experiments, these concepts are transitioning from literary fiction to more serious philosophical discourse. This ancient quest first found literary expression in the 19th century, notably in the works of Jules Verne. Transhumanism in fantasy is primarily associated with science fiction, featuring human enhancement through advanced technology in narratives about distant futures, space travel, other planets, and the cyberpunk genre. However, the presence of transhumanist themes in fantasy literature receives less attention. In these cases, modifications are typically achieved through spells or the magical properties of potions and plants. In Poland, the most notable example is Andrzej Sapkowski’s The Witcher universe, further developed by CD Projekt Red’s video games. The most literal example is the witchers, monster slayers created through magical mutations. Wizards represent a less obvious group of enhanced characters. Similarly, Princess Cirilla Fiona Elen Riannon embodies transhumanist aspirations. These examples collectively illustrate the diverse manifestations of transhumanism in fantasy literature.